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2022.01.13

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Multimode optical fibers can employ either a step-index refractive index profile or a graded-index refractive index profile; single-mode fibers, by contrast, typically use a step-index profile. Therefore, quartz optical fibers can generally be categorized into three types: multimode step-index fibers, multimode graded-index fibers, and single-mode step-index fibers. The propagation of this electromagnetic wave in an optical fiber constitutes a dielectric circular waveguide. When light rays undergo total internal reflection at the interface between media, the electromagnetic wave is confined within the medium, forming what is known as a guided wave or guided mode. For a given guided wave and operating wavelength, there exist multiple incident conditions that satisfy the total internal reflection criterion; these different incident conditions correspond to distinct modes of the guided wave. Based on their transmission modes, optical fibers are classified into multimode fibers and single-mode fibers. Multimode fibers can support the transmission of several modes simultaneously, whereas single-mode fibers can transmit only one mode for a given operating wavelength.


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