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Analysis of the Current Status of Smart City Development in China: The Government is Vigorously Promoting the Planning and Construction Process.
2022-05-16
In recent years, China has accelerated the development of digital cities. According to available information, more than 100 new prefectural-level digital cities have been established in China, bringing the total number of prefectural-level digital cities under construction to over 300. Among these, more than 150 digital cities have already been completed and are being applied in over 60 different sectors. Additionally, over 100 pilot projects for digital county-level development and three pilot projects for smart city construction have been launched. In 2012, the State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping and Geoinformation adjusted its goal from “building digital cities” to “building smart cities.”
On April 7, 2015, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development released the list of national pilot smart cities for 2014, designating 84 cities (including districts, counties, and towns) such as Mentougou District in Beijing as new national pilot sites for smart cities in 2014. Additionally, 13 cities (including districts and counties), such as Zhengding County in Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, were designated as expanded-pilot areas. In recent years, in response to evolving trends and to promote distinctive urbanization, the Chinese government has been vigorously advancing the planning and construction of smart cities. From 2012 to 2016, China selected hundreds of cities and towns to serve as national “smart city” pilot projects. According to relevant data, as of March 2017, 95% of sub-provincial cities and 83% of prefecture-level cities—totaling more than 500 cities—had included smart city development in their government work plans. It is expected that by the end of this year, the number of completed and ongoing smart cities in China will exceed 500.
From the perspective of the industrial chain, the construction of smart cities involves various stakeholders, including governments, operators, solution providers, content and service providers, and end-users. From the standpoint of smart city solutions, the upstream and downstream segments of the industrial chain encompass a wide range of technology enterprises, such as chip manufacturers specializing in RFID and other technologies; manufacturers of sensors and IoT terminals; providers of telecommunications network equipment and IT devices; developers of terminal application software; system integrators; operators of smart city-related services; and top-level planning service providers.
Among these, the roles played by various stakeholders in the process of smart city development and the benefits that users have reaped—these constitute forward-looking recommendations for China’s smart city development. For China, which is currently in a period of economic recovery, the introduction of the “smart city” concept has given rise to tremendous development opportunities. Not only can China seize this opportunity to accelerate its growth and shake off the impact of the economic crisis, but it can also leverage cutting-edge smart technologies to create entirely new industries and markets, thus embarking on a path of leapfrog development. Therefore, China should grasp these opportunities, fully harness the advantages brought by “smart cities,” and address their challenges appropriately. In developing smart cities, China should first and foremost pay close attention to the impact of smart cities on our country’s information industry and information security. From a formal perspective, “smart cities” represent a marketing tactic and product promotion strategy employed by IBM—a measure taken by the company to fend off the financial crisis and ensure its own survival. However, the strategic foresight and advanced nature inherent in this concept cannot be overlooked.
China should also accelerate the development of smart cities by building an IoT with independent intellectual property rights. The IoT is not only a crucial infrastructure for smart city development, but it is also particularly important because it involves the collection of dynamic security information from sectors such as transportation, energy, and finance. Only by establishing an IoT with independent intellectual property rights can we confidently address the various impacts that IoT systems may bring during the construction and operation of smart cities.
To develop smart cities, China needs to quickly master the core technologies involved in smart city development. Currently, in the field of high-tech information technology, China still relies heavily on foreign sources, and the core technologies in most industries remain firmly in the hands of multinational corporations. Only by strengthening independent R&D in critical technology areas, achieving breakthroughs in core technologies, and enhancing integrated innovation in related technologies can China build smart cities that are both self-reliant and controllable.
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